HABITS OF THE CODFISH AND HADDOCK. 455 
is long and narrow, and the viviparous eel-pout (Zoarces), the 
cottoids or sculpins, and a number of allied forms, we come 
to the hake (Merlucius bilinearis Gill), the haddock (Melano- 
grammus eglefinus Gill, Fig. 413), and cod (Gadus morrhua 
ee Haddock, Melanogrammus ceglefinus.—From the American Nat- 
uralist. 
Livn., Fig. 414), all of which extend northwards from Cape 
Hatteras, the cod abounding on both sides of the Atlantic, 
being a circumpolar fish. The cod does not, as formerly 
supposed, migrate along the coast, but seeks the cool tempe- 
rature to which it is adapted by gradually passing in the 
Fig. 414.—The Cod-fish, Gadus morrhua.—From the American Naturalist. 
early summer from shallow to deep water, and returning as 
the season grows colder. It visits the shallow water of Mas- 
sachusetts Bay to spawn about the first of November, and 
towards the last of the month deposits its eggs. About 
