614 ZOOLOGY. 
though whether the hybrids thus produced are fertile or not 
is unknown. , 
The ox is succeeded by the giraffe, with its long neck, 
which makes it the tallest of all quadrupeds. 
The last family of Ungulates, the Camelidew, comprises the 
camels of the Old World, and the llama and vicuna of South 
America. In former (Tertiary) times a llama-like animal 
inhabited the Pacific coast to Oregon. In the camels the 
upper lateral incisors are present; the stomach is less 
distinctly divided into four chambers, the third stomach, as 
such, is wanting, though the second stomach has the deep 
cells, which suggested the fable that the camel stores up a 
supply of water in its stomach for its march over deserte, 
eet 
Fig. 588.—Skull of Lion. * 
The toes have very large, thick pads, while the hoofs are 
reduced to nail-like proportions. 
Order 11. Carnivora (Fere).—The bear, cat, tiger, and 
lion recall the leading forms of this order. The skull is 
massive, though the head is small or of moderate size ; the 
teeth are all well developed, especially the canines ; the mo- 
lars usually have two or three roots, and the feet have large 
claws. The stomach is simple. The cerebral hemispheres 
of the lower carnivores have usually but three distinct con- . 
volutions, while the latter are much more numerous and* 
complicated, the brain itself being broader, in the, aquatic 
forms (Pinnipedia). The group is divided into two sub- 
orders, 7.¢. the Pinnipedia or seals, and the land species (Fiis- 
sipedia). In the former group the feet are webbed, the toes 
