CHIMPANZEH AND GORILLA. 623 
The average capacity of the Caucasian skull is 92 cubic inches. 
66 
ee ef Australian “ %5 s& 
bas $e se Gorilla ee 29 to near 35 
cubic inches. 
ee SE as Chimpanzee ‘ 26 se 
ce iz3 ce Orang ee 25 ce 
According to Wyman, the range of variation in different 
races of men, as seen in seventeen skulls, is from 92 to 75 
cubic inches ; in the gorilla from 34 to 25 cubic inches, nine 
skulls having been measured. There is but a single species 
of orang, which is restricted to Sumatra and Borneo. It is 
said to be very intelligent, to possess a voice so loud as to be 
heard one or two miles, and to build a nest to sleep on. 
The chimpanzee and gorilla are only found on the west 
coast of Africa. The chimpanzee (Mimetes niger Geoffroy 
with its variety Tschego, Fig. 537) inhabits the coast from 
Sierra Leone to Congo. It is about 14 metres (5 feet) in 
height. It can stand or run erect, but it usually leans for- 
ward, resting on its knuckles ; the arms span about half as 
much again as the creature’s height. Both the chimpanzee 
and gorilla have fourteen pairs of ribs. The chimpanzee lives 
on fruit, is an active climber, and nests in trees, changing its 
rude quarters according to circumstances. Rev. Dr. Savage 
states that ‘they generally build not far above the ground. 
Branches or twigs are bent, or partly broken, and crossed, 
and the whole supported by the body of a limb or a crotch. 
Sometimes a nest will be found near the end of a strong 
leafy branch twenty or thirty feet from the ground.” 
The gorilla, like the chimpanzee, goes in bands, but the 
company is smaller, and led by a single adult male. They 
make similar nests, which, however, in the case of both apes, 
afford no shelter, and are only occupied at night. The 
gorilla sometimes reaches the height of about 14 metres (5$ 
feet) and weighs about 200 pounds. Its ordinary attitude is 
like that of the chimpanzee ; there is a web between the first 
soints of all the fingers and three of the toes, and both hands 
and feet are broader, while the body is much more robust 
than in the other apes, being very broad across the shoulders. 
The span of the arms is to the height as three to two, or a 
little over eight feet. The skull is thick, and the strength 
