676 ZOOLOGY. 
tree, prepared to spring upon the deer passing underneath, 
is protected from observation by its brown neutral color, 
while the bars and lines of the tiger are said to resemble the 
lights and shades of the jungle grass in which it lies in wait 
for its prey. The prairie-dog, the deer, buffalo and ante- 
lope on the Western plains, are concealed by their resem- 
blance in color to the soil, or to the bushes on its surface. 
Among insects, the grasshoppers nearly always harmonize 
in color with the general hue of the fields in which they 
abound ; insects on light-colored sandy beaches are often 
pale, as if bleached out by the sun’srays. Alpine and arctic 
butterflies and moths, which have limited powers of flight, 
when nestling on lichen-covered rocks, are difficult to detect. 
Fig. 542.A Katydid-like form resembling a leaf. 
Certain orthopterous insects resemble leaves; such are 
certain katydids (Fig. 542), and especially the famous leaf- 
insect, Phylliwm siccifolium Linn. (Fig. 543), which strik- 
ingly resembles a green leaf. The stick-insects (Fig. 544) 
also would be easily mistaken for the twigs of trees or stalks. 
of leaves, one species (Fig. 544) representing a moss-grown 
twig. The under sides of the wings of our native Grapta. 
butterflies have the color of dead leaves, so that when they 
are at rest they resemble a withered dry leaf. The most. 
perfect resemblance to a leaf with its stem is the Kallima 
butterfly when setting at rest with its wings folded over its: 
