40 FOREST VATJJATION 



cubic feet of timber in the stand 120 years old, in Prussia is given 

 by Schwappach (pine, 1908, p. 144) as follows: 



Site I $12.00 per 100 cubic feet 



Site II 1 1.20 per 100 cubic feet 



Site III 9.10 per loocubic feet 



Site IV 8.25 per 100 cubic feet 



Site V 6.60 per 100 cubic feet 



These figures well illustrate the effect of site on size, quality, and 

 price of the material. 



The final cut in practice and for large areas involving a variety 

 of sites is best illustrated by the cut in the German state forests. 

 According to Endres' Forst Politik, p. 96, in the year 1900 the cut 

 for the state forests was set as follows : cubic feet of stuff three 

 inches and over, per acre of forest area : 



Baden 73 cubic feet 



Wiittemberg 71 cubic feet 



Saxony 70 cubic feet 



Bavaria 60 cubic feet 



Prussia 43 cubic feet 



Which means about sixty or sixty-five per cent of what the 

 yield table calls for, on a basis of site III and the usual rotations. 

 Since this condition is rapidly changing owing to the conservative 

 cutting in the past, the later figures for Wxirttemberg are interest- 

 ing. 



In thethree years 1906-1908, the cut of the state forests aver- 

 aged one hundred and three cubic feet per acre of woods. Of this 

 about one-third is hardwoods, mostly beech. Using beech with one 

 hundred and twenty year rotation and spruce with ninety year rota- 

 tion, and assuming on an average forty per cent of area site II, and 

 sixty per cent site III (very nearly the actual condition as reported 

 by Graner) the cut according to Schwappach's tables should be one 

 hundred and forty cubic feet to be full or normal. Being one hun- 

 dred and three cubic feet it is seventy-three per cent of normal, or 

 in other words, the practice today in Wurttemberg is seventy- 

 three per cent efficient, or successful. Since the cut is increasing 

 in all states it is clear why the state forest authorities of Bavaria in 

 their late instructions consider seventy-five or eighty per cent a pos- 

 sible goal. 



