MAMMALIA. 231 



cessful, the whole vocabulary of Tigrdan Billingsgate failed 

 in arousing the wrath of his majesty sufficiently to 

 induce him to make his appearance ; and as night came 

 on, and we retreated homewards, he roared more loudly 

 than ever in the depths of his thicket. Like aU true 

 believers, our Bedjuk friends were by no means shaken 

 in their faith or inclined to doubt that the lion had 

 understood their abuse ; in fact, their opinion of his intel- 

 ligence was increased by the circumstance that he would 

 not venture out while there were guns in the way ; and 

 they assured us that had they been alone he would have 

 attacked them for daring to abuse him. 



Lions kill many cattle, mules, donkeys, and horses in 

 the Habale and Samhar, and are said to migrate with the 

 herds, following them to the lowlands in the winter, and 

 ascending with them to the mountains in summer. Men 

 are often killed by them : we heard of several instances 

 taking place during our short stay. 



Having had many opportunities of observing the 

 Indian tiger, I may make a few remarks on the differ- 

 ences between the habits of the two great carnivores. 



The first peculiarity that struck me in the African lion 

 was their noisiness. I have constantly been for months 

 together in countries in India abounding in tigers with- 

 out hearing their cry. Indeed, it is by no means a 

 common sound in an Indian forest ; leopards, I should 

 say, are much more frequently heard than tigers. The 

 cry of the two animals, commonly known as roaring, 

 though it is utterly different from the harsh growl of 

 anger to which the term might most appropriately be 



