ii GLOSSARY 



capsule. A pod consisting of two or more carpels or parts, usually 



opening naturally. 

 carbohydrate. The compounds of the starch and sugar class. 

 carpel. One part or member of a compound pistil, or a simple pistil 



itself. 

 catkin or ainent. A raceme-like or spike-like flower-cluster that falls 



away after flowering or fniiting, as of willows and staminate flower- 

 clusters of walnuts and birches. 

 centrifugal. From the inside out ; as a flower-cluster of which the 



inside, terminal, or uppermost flowers open first ; a determinate 



cluster. 

 centripetal. From the outside in ; as a flower-cluster of which the 



outer flowers open first ; an indeterminate cluster. 

 chlorophyll. Leaf green. Chlorophyll is the pigment that gives the 



characteristic color to plants. 

 cladophylla. Stems that look like leaves, and function as leaves, as in 



asparagus and the florists' smilax. 

 cleistogamous . Applied to small flowers, usually hidden beneath the 



earth, that are little developed as to floral envelopes, and are self- 

 fertilized; also to self-fertilization in flowers that do not open. 

 complete flowers have all the parts, — calyx, corolla, stamens, pistil. 

 corolla. The inner row or series of flower-leaves, usually colored, and 



often of irregular shape. It may be all one piece or of many 



pieces. 

 corymb. A flatfish flower-cluster in which the outermost flowers open 



first. 

 cotyledon. A leaf of the embryo ; seed-leaf. The embryo may have 



one cotyledon (monocotyledon), or two cotyledons (dicotyledon), 



or sometimes more than two. 

 cross-fertilization is fertilization by means of pollen produced in another 



flower. 

 cryptogam. One of the group of flowerless or non-seed-bearing plants, 



as a fern, fungus, moss, seaweed. 

 cutting. A shoot planted in soil or water for the purpose of making a 



new plant. 

 cyme. A flattish or broad flower-cluster in which the innermost or ter- 

 minal flowers open first. 

 dectc7nbent. Said of branches or stems that lop or lie over on the 



ground. 

 decurrcnt. Said of a leaf that runs down on the stem, thereby not 



having a distinct petiole. 

 dehiscence. The mode of opening, as of a seed-pod or an anther. 



