GENERAL PART OF EXAMINATION. 



37 



be placed under the body and the animal raised with block and 

 tackle. 



The ox is often hard to induce to stand up after it has been 

 down for a time. It may be able to get up, but through obstinacy 

 will not do so. Whipping and beating in such cases is usually of 

 no avail; yelling in the animal's ear, setting a dog on it or tieing 

 its nose shut may be tried. [By placing a rope around the body 

 so that it passes beneath the brisket in front and the ischii behind, 

 we have improvised a handle by which several persons can lift the 

 malingerer to its feet.] 



Animals may be unable to arise: 



a. In Tetanus. Horses suffering from tetanus, if down, 

 are as a rule unable to stand up without help, as the spasmodic 

 contractions of the extensors of the limbs prevent it. When re- 

 cumbent, the upper pair of legs do not come in contact with the 

 ground. The animals are very restless and bedewed with sweat. 



Fig. 5a. 



Horse with Tetanus. 



b. In Azoturia. Horses suffering from acute azoturia 

 make vain efforts to stand. They are sometimes only partially 

 successful, the fore part of the body being raised and supported 

 by the front legs, but the hind limbs are unable to bear their 

 share of the weight, breaking down under it. 



c. In Spinal paralysis from Fractures of Vertebrae. 

 The patients lose control of the hind parts which are no longer 

 sensible to pain [pin pricks]. Sometimes, however, reflex spinal 

 convulsions attend "broken back." Dogs with paralyzed hind 

 parts usually sit sideways, the legs directed away from the body. 



