42 CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS. 



the fatal termination of a disease, the normal tonus of the 

 tissues is lost, the muscles relax, especially those of the face, 

 forming the so-called Hippocratic countenance (fades Hip- 

 pocratica), one of the symptoms of approaching death. 



Diseases Which Are Characterized Particularly by Change 



in Habitus. 

 Tetanus. See pages 37 and 220. 



Colic is a complex of symptoms in the horse characterized 

 by abdominal pain and suppressed peristalsis. It is due to some 

 affection of the stomach or bowels. For the symptoms in regard 

 to manner in which pain is shown, see page 35. Further symp- 

 toms are sweating, congested, "muddy" conjunctiva, accelerated 

 pulse, dyspnea, anorexia, suppressed peristalsis, obstipation. The 

 cause which lies at the bottom of these clinical phenomena can 

 be determined only by careful examination of the abdomen. (See 

 this.) 



Azoturia is an acute auto-intoxication in the horse character- 

 ized principally by a peculiar severe parenchymatous inflammation 

 and paralysis of the muscles and complicated by hemoglobinemia 

 and acute nephritis. It appears suddenly under symptoms of par- 

 alysis of one or both hind limbs, inability to stand, restlessness 

 and sweating. Croup muscles tense, hemoglobinemia, hematuria. 

 Xo fever, mind clear, dyspnea, appetite retained. When standing 

 knuckle in joints of affected limb; make ineffectual efforts to re- 

 gain feet; hind limbs unable to support body. 



Polyarthritis (articular rheumatism). Febrile infectious dis- 

 ease with inflammation of usually several joints. Without appa- 

 rent external cause there appear suddenly hot and painful swell- 

 ings of joints. Patients remain lying; high temperature, no appe- 

 tite, cease ruminating. Most common in ox; rare in horse. 



Muscular rheumatism (myositis rheumatica). Peculiar in- 

 flammation of individual muscles or groups of muscles. Charac- 

 terized by wandering, periodical pains. Mostly confined to limbs 

 and back; head rarely affected. Temperature not high. Not in- 

 frequently complicates other diseases, especially those due to 

 refrigeration. Most common in horse, dog and swine. 



Cerebro-spinal meningitis (cramp of the neck). Probably in- 

 fectious. Symptoms vary. Delirium, spasms of the muscles of 



