RESPIRATORY APPARATUS. 93 



normal. Pulse rapid, artery tense. Heart beat cannot be felt, 

 zone of cardiac dullness increased and tympanitic when gas has 

 accumulated in the pericardium. On auscultation in the earlier 

 stages pericardial frictional bruits, heart sounds clear, when much 

 exudate is present weak; systolic bruits of a metallic character 

 in consequence of spasm-like contractions of the heart. When 

 putrefactive gases are present the heart sounds can be so loud 

 and metallic as to be heard at a distance. Jugulars distended, 

 pulsating (undulating), edema of brisket, neck and throat. Course 

 chronic notwithstanding severity of the ailment. Prognosis bad. 



7. Respiratory- Apparatus. 



The examination of the respiratory 

 tract is one of the most important re 

 sponsibilities of the veterinarian, first 

 because it is frequently subject to disease, and secondly from 

 its availability to thorough inspection. 



From the complex anatomy of the apparatus, and the 

 value to diagnostics of the varied clinical phenomena it mani- 

 fests in disease, a searching examination of the respiratory 

 tract can only be made by following a definite system. 



The examination would include attention to the following : 

 I. The respiratory movements (res- 

 pirations). 

 II. The breath. 



III. The nasal discharge. 



IV. The nasal cavities and adjacent 



sinuses. 



V. The submaxillary lymph glands. 



VI. The cough. 



VII. The voice. 



VIII. The laryngeal region. 



IX. The trachea. 



X. The percussion of the thorax. 



XL The auscultation of the thorax. 



