RESPIRATORY APPARATUS. 107 



The examination of the upper molar teeth of that side 

 should never be neglected. 



When the odor is equally offensive from either nostril, 

 the putrid focus is as a rule contained in the lung, more rarely 

 in the pharynx, larynx or trachea. 



Putrid decomposition in the lung is not 

 always to be ascribed to pulmonary gan- 

 grene, for not infrequently a decomposi- 

 tion of exudate in the bronchi, (fetid bronchitis) 

 is present. 



The presence of elastic fibres in the nasal discharge 

 speaks for pulmonary gangrene. 



III. Nasal Discharge. 



Only in the ox a slight nasal discharge is seen to occur 

 in health, which the animal usually removes from the nostrils 

 with its tongue. In the other animals the appearance of a 

 nasal discharge is always a sign of disease, and one of con- 

 siderable diagnostic importance. It can accompany all dis- 

 eases of the respiratory tract which are exudative in char- 

 acter, such as catarrhs of the nasal cavities, sinuses of the 

 head, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. In these 

 cases the discharge is the product of the disease. Some- 

 times the discharge comes from the digestive tract, from the 

 mouth or pharynx, more rarely from the gullet or stomach, 

 when it contains substances such as food particles, watei or 

 saliva. 



The character of the nasal discharge depends upon the 

 organ from which it comes and the nature of the disease pro- 

 ducing it. We should bear in mind that the ox, sheep, goat 

 and dog usually lick off the discharge, hence it is not so 

 noticeable in these animals as in the horse. 



To correctly judge nasal discharge the following should 

 be considered : 



a. The quantity, which will vary greatly. The dis- 

 charge is slight in catarrhs that are neither very diffuse nor 



