DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 13? 



Chronic bronchial catarrh. No fever. As a rule short, dull, 

 weak cough. Dyspnea not pronounced at rest; at work marked. 

 Sometimes a fine, foamy, serous nasal discharge. 



Verminous bronchitis. Lung-worm plague. Develops slowly 

 under symptoms of bronchial catarrh with prolific exudation In 

 mucus: parasites, eggs, or embryos of Strongylidae. Later, 

 anemia, cachexia and death. 



Strongylus filaria in sheep and goat; strongylus micrurus in ox; 

 Strongylus paradoxus in swine, and strongylus syngamus in towls. 



c. Lungs. 



Pulmonary hemorrhage. Hemoptoae. Light red, foamy blood 

 from both nostrils, cough, rales heard over trachea and bronchi. 



Pulmonary Congestion and Edema. Sudden, severe in- and 

 expiratory dyspnea, respirations may exceed 100, foamy serous 

 nasal discharge. Percussion normal; auscultation, exaggerated 

 vesicular sound, rales. 



Pleurodynia. This is a congestion of the lungs combined with 

 severe pains in the thoracic walls. General apathy, excessive dila- 

 tation of the thorax, which is "held." Groaning. Respirations 80 

 per minute, superficial. Temperature high-normal, pulse accel- 

 erated. Super-resonant sound on percussion, feeble vesicular 

 murmur. 



Catarrhal pneumonia. Bronchopneumonia. Begins usually as 

 catarrhal bronchitis. _ High, intermittent fever, painful cough. 

 Only when disease is extended can pneumonia be appreciated; 

 circumscribed patches of dullness on percussion; vesicular mur- 

 mur feeble, rarely bronchial respirations. 



Gangrene of the lungs. Fever. Breath at first of a sickening, 

 sweetish odor, later stinking. Discolored greyish-brown, tena- 

 cious nasal discharge. Percussion: tympanitic sound, cracked-pot 

 sound; at periphery of necrotic centers, dullness. Auscultation: 

 large rales, bronchial respiration, amphoric sound. Not infre- 

 quently combined with pleuritis. 



Alveolar emphysema. May only be diagnosed when well de- 

 veloped. Expiratory dyspnea with "double-pumping" of the 

 flanks, protrusion of the anus. Cough: short, dull, weak. Super- 

 resonant percussion-sound, field of percussion enlarged posteriorly. 

 Auscultation shows the vesicular murmur to be diminished. 



Interstitial pulmonary emphysema. Suddenly appearing mixed 

 dyspnea. Cough very superficial or absent. Super-resonant per- 

 cussion sound with tympanitic accessory sound extended poster- 

 iorly. A piping sound in auscultation. Emphysema of the skin 

 frequent. 



Echinococcus disease. Ox. Diagnosis is only possible when 

 large numbers of the echinococcus bladders are in the lungs. No 

 fever. Dyspnea. Cough weak and blowing. Percussion dulled 

 in patches or tympanitic, Vesicular respirations diminished. 



