URINARY APPARATUS. 173 



c. Gastric and Intestinal Diseases of Cattle. 



Acute tympanitis. Hoven, bloat. Rapid tympanitic disten- 

 tion of the paunch, food and drink are refused, defecation retard- 

 ed. Increased and labored breathing, animals are anxious and 

 restless. 



Acute dysP^P 3 ' 3 - Acute derangement of activity of stomach. 

 No fever. Feed is absolutely refused, rumination suspended, belch- 

 ing, abdomen full, paunch contents firm, paunch movements slight, 

 auscultation reveals sounds of bursting bubbles, feces dry, later on 

 containing coarse food particles. 



Acute gastro-intestinal catarrh. Fever, conjunctiva reddened, 

 pulse frequent, appetite often entirely wanting, flanks sunk in, 

 paunch movements incomplete. Milk secretion suddenly retarded. 



Chronic gastro-intestinal catarrh. Gradual development and 

 frequent change of^ symptoms. Appetite reduced, bloating follows 

 a heavy feed, rumination interrupted. Defecation usually retard- 

 ed, feces mixed with mucus, now and then diarrhea. If disease 

 is severe diarrhea is continuous. Animal weak, falls off in flesh. 



Chronic tympanitis, chronic indigestion. Periodi- 

 cally recurring attacks of slight bloating of paunch that continue 

 for some time. Rumination and paunch movements retarded. 

 Coarse food particles in feces. 



Dislocation of bowel. 1. Invagination (telescoping) of 

 intestine. Occurs suddenly and without external cause. Animals 

 are restless, lie down, get up again, kick their bellies, groan. These 

 symptoms attended with fever. Feeding and rumination cease, 

 obstinate constipation, discharges of mucus and blood. Pains 

 soon grow less but fever increases. Palpation per rectum usually 

 enables us to feel the invaginated gut. 



2. Peritoneal hernia or gut tie in the ox. Symp- 

 toms same as in invagination, in addition an abducted position of 

 hind leg which is also extended back. Sacral region depressed. 

 Palpation per rectum reveals presence, at anterior border of ileum, 

 of painful doughy swelling, held in place by vestige of spermatic 

 cord. 



Licking disease of cattle and wool eating of sheep are pecu- 

 liar chronic affections; afflicted animals have a habit of licking, 

 nibbling, or even swallowing objects of a various nature, including 

 indigestible and often loathsome and disgusting substances. At 

 the same time there is loss of appetite and emaciation. 



d. Gastro-intestinal Diseases of the Dog. 



Acute Gastric Catarrh. Frequently febrile. Usually begimi 

 with vomiting of food masses, followed by vomiting of mucus 

 Loss of appetite, increased thirst, depression, evacuation of bow- 

 els retarded, symptoms of pain upon pressure over the region of 

 the stomach. 



