202 



CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS. 



to the kidneys and is caused by a specific bacillus. Gradual ema- 

 ciation and general depression. Intermittent fever. Urine thick 

 and slimy, cloudy, gray or grayish brown, white and red blood 

 corpuscles, casts, numerous pavement epithelia, crystals of triple 

 phosphate, and bacilli, Bacillus pyelonephritidis boum. Stain 

 according to Gram, 2-3 micra long, 0.6-0.7 micra in diameter, non- 

 motile, straight or slightly bent, rounded at the ends. 



Urolithiasis, stones, concretions and sediments (gravel) cause 

 catarrhal inflammation and periodical hemorrhages. Urethral con- 

 crcments produce retention of urine. 



Diseases of Tissue Metabolism. 



Diabetes insipidus, polyuria, pissing, is an independent disease 

 in which large quantities of clear watery urine are passed continu- 

 ously. Daily quantity of urine passed equaling as high as 30 liters. 

 Urine as clear as water or slightly yellow, acid, sp. gr. 1001-1010, 

 no albumin, little indican. Diminished appetite, desire for alkalies, 

 [earth, etc.] emaciation. 



Diabetes mellitus, sugar in the urine, is very rare in horses, 

 more common in dogs. Polyuria, ravenous appetite and thirst, 

 rapid emaciation. Urine has high sp. gr., 1024-1045, and contains 

 grape sugar. 10 The Sexua i Apparatus. 



Most of the organs of the sexual apparatus may, for the 

 greater part, be subjected to direct inspection and palpation; 

 their examination should be conducted according to general 

 rules, care being observed that no parts are overlooked. For 

 evident reasons the female sexual organs are more frequently 

 affected with diseases than those of the male. Most of these 

 diseases belong to the field of obstetrics. 



I. Abnormally increased sexual desire manifests it- 

 self not only by sexual excitement but also by psychic disturb- 

 ances and altered sensibility, these often resembling diseases 

 of the central nervous system. In females this condition is 

 known as nymphomania, in males as satyriasis; continued 

 erections of the penis is called priapism. 



Mares are usually very ticklish and easily excited, if 

 touched with the hand or harness they squeak or cry out, 

 switch their tail, back up against persons or against the 

 wagon tongue, kick, urinate, and can be used for their regu- 

 lar work only when special care is exercised. In rare cases 

 they may act like dummies (general depression of the senso- 

 rium) and show symptoms of hyperesthesia. 



