STUDIES OF PLANT LIFE 
attractive native plant than the Chimaphila in our Cana- 
dian flora. 
The leaves of this beautiful Wintergreen are held in high 
estimation by the Indian herbalists, who call it Rheumatism 
Weed (Pipsissewa). It is bitter and aromatic in quality. 
Lupine—Lupinus perennis (L.). 
(PLATE V.) 
“« Lupine, whose azure eye sparkles with dew.” 
o 5 
Those who know the Blue Lupine only as a cultivated 
flower can form but a poor idea of its beauty in its wild 
state on the rolling prairies or plain-lands. 
On light loamy or sandy soil our gay Lupine may be seen 
gliddening the wastes and purpling the ground with its 
long spikes of azure blue, white and purple flowers of 
many shades. 
The Lupine comes in with the larger yellow Moccasin 
(Cypripedium pubescens); the Trillium grandiflorum; the 
white Pyrola, Wild Rose (Rosa blanda); Scarlet-cup 
4 Castilleia coccinea) and many others in the flowery month 
of June; mingling its azure flowers with these, it produces 
:an effect most pleasing to the eye. 
The blossoms, like those of all the Pulse tribe to which it 
belongs, are papilionaceous or winged. The two upper 
‘petals or wings are concave, closing over the scythe-shaped 
‘keel which encloses the stamens; these are united into a 
bundle at the base (this arrangement is called by botanists 
monadelphous). The sheath that conceals the stamens is 
entire, pointed and varying in color from white to reddish- 
purple. The flowers are set on short pedicels or flower 
stalks, forming a close long terminal raceme, the lower 
flowers opening first. The stem is leafy, erect, downy; the 
leaves, on longish footstalks, are composed of from seven to 
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