KEY TO THE ORDERS 3 
Petals more or less united. 
Stamens free from the corolla or diadelphous. 
Gynoecium of a single carpel. ROSALES: 122. 
Gynoecium of 2-several united carpels. 
Filaments united, diadelphous, some of the sepals spurred. 
Papaveraceae: 57. 
Filaments distinct or sepals not spurred. 
Herbs with green leaves, GERANIALES: 80, 
Shrubs or saprophytic herbs, ERICALES: 94, 
Stamens partially adnate to the corolla. 
Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and opposite 
them, or more; ovary 1 celled. PRIMULALES: 92. 
Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate 
with them, or fewer. 
Corolla scarious, marcescent, fruit a pyxis in our species. 
Plantaginaceae: 93. 
Corolla not scarious, fruit not a pyxis. 
Flowers regular or stamens five. 
Ovary 1-celled, with central placentae. or carpels dis- 
tinct or nearly so. GENTIANALES: 106. 
Ovary usually 2-3-celled, if one celled with parietal 
placentae. POLEMONIALES: 95. 
Flowers irregular or fertile stamens only 4 or 2, except in 
Verbascum, 
Fruit 1-4 seeded, usually separating into 1-seeded nut- 
lets. LAMINALES: 116, 
Fruit a 6-many seeded capsule. 
SCROPHULARIALES: 110. 
B. Corolla wanting. 
Flowers, at least the staminate, in aments. 
Fruit a one-seeded nut or achene. SAPINDALES: 154. 
Fruit a many seeded capsule, seeds with a tuft of hairs. 
; , Salicaceae: 68. 
Flowers, at least the staminate, not in aments. 
Gynoecium of one or of several distinct carpels, each with a 
single style. 
Carpels several. . 
Stamens inserted below the carpels. RANALES: 51. 
Stament inserted on the margin of a disk or hypanthium. 
ROSALES: 122. 
Carpel solitary. 
Ovary not enclosedgin a hypanthium. 
Land plants. MALVALES: 89. 
Submerged aquatics, flowers solitary in the axils. 
Ceratophyllaceae: 57. 
Ovary enclosed in a hypanthium. 
Shrubs or trees, calyx not corolloid. Eleagnaceae: 153. 
Herbs, calyx corolloid. Nyctaginaceae: 70. 
Gynoecium of 2 or more united carpels; if one celled, styles and 
stigmas more than one. 
Herbs. 
Flowers perfect; stamens several CARYOPHYLLALES: 64. 
