GROSS ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS. xxiii 
With a very sharp knife split a bud from base to apex, and 
notice the arrangement of the scales and young leaves (or young 
flowers) upon the little stem (axis). 
Cut a bud across (cross-section) and notice again the arrange- 
ment of the parts. Notice particularly the manner of folding 
(vernation) of the young leaves in the bud. 
§5. THe FLOWER. 
INFLORESCENCE. 
Types of Inflorescence.—In the study of the flowers of a plant 
we must first consider their arrangement, i.e., Inflorescence. 
There are two principal kinds of inflorescence, the racemose and the 
cymose. In the first the flowers are always lateral as to the prin- 
cipal axis or axes of the flower-cluster; in the second, every axis, 
principal and secondary, terminates with a flower. In either 
arrangement each flower may be upon a flower-stalk (pedicel) of 
greater or less length, or the stalk may be wanting, when the 
flower is sessile. In some cases of compound inflorescence the 
branching is partly of one type and partly of the other ; such 
cases may be considered examples of mixed inflorescence. 
Kinds of Inflorescence.—The most important of the forms com- 
monly met are given in the foliowing table of inflorescences: 
A. RACEMOSE OR BOTRYOSE INFLORESCENCES. 
I. Flowers solitary in the axils of the 
leaves—e.g., Vinca : SoLITaRy AXILLARY. 
II. Flowers in simple groups. (Fig. XIX.) 
1. Pedicellate. 
(a) On an elongated axis: pedicels about equal 
—e.g.,Mignonette . ‘ ‘ : . RACEME. 
(0) On a shorter axis; lower pedicels longer— 
e.g., Hawthorn ‘ F $ . CoRYMB. 
(c) On a very short axis: pedicels about equal 
—e.g., Cherry . : ‘ 7 é . UMBEL. 
