154 BOTANY, 
ids they attach themselves to the trichogyne, as shown in 
Fig. 77. The result of this contact of the antherozoids with 
the trichogyne is the fertilization of the carpogone, which 
immediately enlarges and at the same time undergoes 
division into many cells, which grow into short, crowded 
branches, bearing a spore at the end of each (D and ZF, Fig. 
77). This growth, which includes the spores and the short 
branches which bear them, and which resulted from the 
fertilization of the carpogone, is the spore-fruit (sporocarp) 
of these plants. In the genus under consideration the 
spore-fruit is a comparatively simple growth, as compared 
with the degree of complexity it reaches in some other 
orders of this class. 
319. In some other cases (Lejolisia, etc.), the carpogone, 
before fertilization, consists of several cells (A, 6, Fig. 77). 
Upon fertilization taking place, the outer cells of the carpo- 
gone divide, and develop into articulated branches which 
lie side by side and form a more or less spherical envelope, 
the so-called “pericarp.” In the mean time the central cell 
of the carpogone produces outgrowths or short branches 
which eventually bear spores, occupying the cavity of the 
pericarp (A, s, Fig. 77). The spore-fruit here consists 
of a fertile part which bears spores, and a sterile part 
which serves as a protection or covering. In technical 
works the spore-fruit is called a “cystocarp.” 
Practical Studies.—There are many orders of the Red Seaweeds, 
but it is urinecessary to notice them here particularly. About one 
hundred species occur along the New England coast, and the number 
is greatly increased as we pass to the southward. 
It is difficult for the student to study the plants of this class away 
from the seashore, and asa rule it is perhaps as well for the beginner 
to content himself with only a general examination of such specimens 
as may be accessible. 
Specimens for the study of the structure should be preserved in 
