256 BOTANY 
Order 19. The Daphnads (Thymeleacee) include about 360 tough. 
barked trees and shrubs (with a few herbs), mostly of the Southern 
Hemisphere. 
Order 20. The Proteads (Proteacee) are strange-looking evergreen 
shrubs and trees (about 950 species), mostly natives of Australia and 
South Africa. ; 
Order 21. The Laurels (Lauraceg) are aromatic trees and shrubs of 
tropical and temperate climates. About 900 species are known. 
Series V. Micrembryeex.—Perianth mostly wanting. Ovules few. 
Embryo minute, in copious endosperm. 
Order 22 (Monimiacez), Order 23, the Nutmegs (Myristicacee), and 
Order 24 (Chloranthacez) are aromatic trees and shrubs of hot 
climates, about 250 species in all. 
Order 24a, The Peppers (Piperacese) are herbs, shrubs, or small 
trees, almost confined to the tropics; generally with a pungent and 
aromatic principle. About 1000 species are known. 
Series VI. Multiovulate terrestres—Perianth calyx-like. Ovary 
mostly inferior. Ovules numerous. Endosperm present. Terres- 
trial or parasitic plants, 
Order 25, the Birthworts (Aristolochiace), Order 26, the Vine- 
rapes (Cytinacex), curious parasites, and Order 27, the Pitcher- 
leaves (Nepenthacee), with curiously formed pitcher-shaped leaves, 
Series VII. Multiovulate aquatice.—Perianth small or none. 
Ovary superior (i.e., not united with the perianth). Ovules numerous, 
Endosperm wanting. Aquatic herbs. 
Order 28, the Podostemads (Podostemacez), a small order, mostly 
tropical. 
Series VIII. Curvembryee.—Perianth green or colored. Ovary 
superior. Ovules few. Seeds with endosperm, containing a curved 
embryo. 
Order 29, the Buckwheats (Polvgonacee), including 600 species, 
Order 80 (Batideze), and Order 30a (Phytolaccacee) are mostly herba- 
ceous, and mainly tropical. 
Order 31, the Chenopods (Chenopodiaces), 520 species of all 
climates; Order 82, the Amaranths (Amarantace), nearly 500 species 
of wide distribution; Order 33 (Ilecebracese) and Order 384 (Nyctagi- 
nace), 200 or more species, mostly tropical. All the orders of this 
series (excepting No. 80) contain many weedy plants. 
II. GAMoPETALZ. GAMOPETALOUS DICOTYLEDONS. 
Plants whose flowers generally have both sepals and petals, the 
latter more or less united. 
Here are grouped the orders containing plants showing the highest 
