PHANEROGAMTIA. : 973 
in color, and doubtless this attracts insects. Moreover this 
upper part is covered with minute stiff hairs, which point 
downward; they also cover the upper part of the inner 
surface of the cavity, and probably have not a little to do 
with the entrance of insects into the fatal pitcher. How- 
ever this may be, many insects are found drowned, and in 
all stages of decomposition, in the 
fluid in the pitchers. Other spe- 
cies in the Southern States have 
a lid-like cover which prevents 
the entrance of rain, and in some 
species drops of nectar have been 
found upon the outside of the 
pitcher, forming a trail to lure 
insects to its edge. 
549. The California Pitcher- 
plant (Fig. 150) resembles the 
foregoing, but its arched leaves 
have a curious forked appendage 
hanging down from the edge of 
the orifice, which is here on the 
under side of the arch. This ap- 
pendage is more or less covered 
with a sweet secretion which lures 
insects. Probably this is made more effective by the red- 
dish or purplish color of the appendage, giving it at a dis- 
tance no little resemblance to a flower. The watery fluid 
inside of the leaf always contains the remains of many 
insects. 
550. Various species of Nepenthes (Fig. 151) occur in 
the East Indies. The leaves are prolonged into a slender 
tendril-like organ, upon whose extremity there develops .a 
iN 
Fie. 150.—The California Pitch- 
er-plant (Darlingtonia californi- 
ca), showing leaves and a flower. 
About one seventh natural size. 
