EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS 91 



tion of potassium binoxalate, and finally direct into absolute 

 alcohol, oil of bergamot, and balsam. 



In the soap method the previously stained sections are 

 immersed in alcohol to which a few drops of Spiritus Sapo- 

 natus Kalinus ' have been added, and then into pure alcohol, 

 bergamot oil, and balsam. 



The chromic method consists in immersing the sections, 

 after previous staining, in a 1 per cent, solution of potas- 

 sium bichromate, washing them in water, and then trans- 

 ferring them for a considerable time into aniline oil, and 

 finally from that into bergamot oil and balsam. 



Noniewicz's method. — Noniewicz combined Loffler's and 

 Unna's methods of staining in order to show the bacilli of 

 glanders. The sections are transferred from alcohol to 

 methyl blue for two to five minutes, rinsed in water and 

 decolorised in a mixture of 75 parts of half per cent, acetic 

 acid and 25 parts of half per cent, aqueous solution of 

 tropsBoline. Thin sections are only dipped quickly into the 

 solution ; thicker may remain in it for two to five seconds 

 or longer. After being washed in water they are spread 

 out upon a slide, dried in the air or over a flamfe, laid in 

 xylol to clear, and mounted in Canada balsam. 



EXPEEIMENTS ON LiVING AnIMALS 



Transmission of micro-organisms to animals, — So far a 

 series of methods of research has been described which are 

 necessary for the diagnosis of bacteria ; the observation of 

 micro-organisms in the recent state, of their growth on 

 different nutrient media, and of their behaviour in relation to 

 staining materials forms, when taken together, the methods 

 by which it is possible to demonstrate the micro-organisms 



' [The Spiritus Saponatus Kalinus of the Austrian pharmacopoeia con- 

 sists ol 200 parts of potash soap and 100 parts of spirit of lavender, prepared 

 from lavender flowers by maceration and distillation.] — Te. 



