DISEASES OF SHEEP. 59 



generally admitted that the most suitable place for vacci- 

 nation is the inner side of the ear, being very convenient 

 for operation, and offering in most cases the greatest ad- 

 vantages in every other regard. Vaccination has been also 

 effected upon the tail, and although the sheep suffered no 

 inconvenience, and the result being the formatipn of a 

 large pox, whose preventive power is undeniable, it ap- 

 peared, nevertheless, that the inner side of the ear offers 

 greater advantages than all other methods of vaccination. 

 It must be also here remarked that a greater quantity and 

 better quality of lymph is obtained from so-called ear pox 

 than from tail pox. 



Mechanical system of vaccination. — There have been many 

 different ways of vaccination ; as, for instance, several 

 small incisions were made into the skin and the vaccine- 

 matter rubbed thereupon ; or a woolen or cotton thread 

 soaked in lymph was drawn through the ear or other parts 

 of the body under the skin ; but, after all, the ear was 

 selected as the most proper place. In front of the open 

 door of the stable a hurdle is placed, and in front. of the 

 latter a table and a chair for the accommodation of the 

 operator. The sheep from which the vaccine-matter is to 

 be taken must be laid upon a bench to the right of the 

 operator, the sheep to be bound by its legs and to be held 

 by an assistant. The animals which are to be vaccinated 

 are now taken from the stable, and one after the other laid 

 upon the table, with their backs downward. Another 

 assistant holds the hind legs with his right hand and the 

 fore legs with his left hand, pressing the neck of the 

 animal under his left arm. The operator now holds the 

 tail of the animal with his left hand, turning or twisting 

 the tail in such a manner that the bare part of the skin 

 becomes somewhat compressed ; in the mean time, the as- 

 sistant uses the dull edge of the needle (used for vacci- 



