118 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 



lime, etc., is introduced into the nose several times a day, 

 •which occasions such violent sneezing that the larvse are 

 sometimes gradually thrown out. Twenty or thirty drops 

 of animal oil may also be injected into the nose. In many 

 cases these remedies are unsuccessful, especially when the 

 symptoms are very violent. The remedies must then be 

 introduced directly into the cavities or sinuses. For this 

 purposes, the horns are sawed off close to the head, or an 

 opening is made into the frontal and maxillary sinuses by 

 means of a trochar, and the remedies introduced through 

 these channels. The larvse cannot bear the external air 

 and die soon. They are then ejected by sneezing. The ar- 

 tificial openings heal in a short time unaided. 



If many sheep suffer at the same time, it is very incon- 

 venient to treat them separately. Hair, feathers, tar and 

 horn-shavings are burnt in such cases in the stable, in order 

 to produce sneezing. To prevent the adhesion of the larvse 

 and eggs, the nose and lips of the sheep should be covered 

 with oil, fat, tar or hartshorn oil, especially at the time 

 when the insects appear in great numbers. This applies 

 particularly to lambs and one-year old sheep, which are 

 most frequently attacked. 



MADNESS. 



It is a peculiar fact that madness is of much rarer occur- 

 rence in sheep than in cattle, notwithstanding that there 

 are more flocks of sheep than herds of cattle, and that the 

 shepherds' dni^'s are generally of the same race as those 

 kept by keepers of cattle. The cause of this is difficult to 

 explain. Perhaps sheep are not so susceptible to the virus 

 or contagion as cattle, and the bite of the dog is more fre- 



