CHARACTER—INDUSTRY. 2% 
much from one another. F. fusca (Pl. I. fig. 3), the 
one which is pre-eminently the ‘slave’ ant, is, as 
might be expected, extremely timid ; while the nearly 
allied F. cinerea has, on the contrary, a considerable 
amount of individual audacity. F. rufa (Pl. II. fig. 5), 
the horse ant, is, according to M. Forel, especially 
characterised by the want of individual initiative, 
and always moves in troops; he also regards the 
genus Formica as the most brilliant; though others 
excel it in other respects, as, for instance, in the 
sharpness of their senses. J’. pratensis worries its 
slain enemies; F. sanguinea (Pl. I. fig. 6) never 
does so. The slave-making ant (P. rufescens, Pl. I. 
fig. 5) is, perhaps, the bravest of all. If a single indi- 
vidual finds herself surrounded by enemies, she never 
attempts to fly, as any other ant would, but transfixes 
her opponents one after another, springing right and 
left with great agility, till at length she succumbs, 
overpowered by numbers. M. scabrinodis is cowardly 
and thievish; during wars among the larger species 
they haunt the battle-fields and devour the dead. 
Tetramoriwm is said to be very greedy; Myrmecina 
very phlegmatic. 
In industry ants are not surpassed even by bees 
and wasps. They work all day, and in warm weather, 
if need be, even at night too. I once watched an ant 
from six in the morning, and she worked without 
intermission till a quarter to ten at night. I had put 
her to a saucer containing larve, and in this time she 
