CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER I 
INTRODUCTION. 
Paqg 
Position of ants in the Animal Kingdom—Ants divided into 
three families—Number of species—Mode of observation— 
»Nests—Mode of marking ants—Stages in life of ants—EKgg, 
larva, pupa, imago—Length of life—Structure of ants— 
Head, thorax, abdomen, antenne, eyes, ocelli, mouth parts, 
legs, wings, sting—Origin of the sting—Character of ants— 
Wars among ants—Modes of fighting—Queen ants— Workers 
—Different classes of workers—The honey ant—Soldiers— 
Origin of the soldiers—Division of labour—Habitations of 
ants—Communities of ants—Food—Enemies—Character— 
TIndustry—Games—Cleanliness ‘i ‘ - » | 
CHAPTER II. 
FORMATION AND MAINTENANCE OF NESTS. 
Foundation of new nests—Doubts on the suhject—Views of 
Huber, Blanchard, Forel, St. Fargeau, Ebrard—Experiments 
with queens— Foundation of a nest of Myrmica by two 
queens—Adoption of queens—Fertility of workers—Eggs 
laid by fertile workers always produce males—Queens seldom 
produced in captivity—Origin of difference between queens 
and workers—Longevity of ants—Arrangement of chambers 
in a nest—Division of labour—The honey ant F . 80 
