SEPARATION OF MORE THAN A YEAR. 343 
were not attacked. I also put in a stranger from 
another nest. Her behaviour was quite different. 
She kept away from the rest, running off at once in 
evident fear, and kept wandering about, seeking to 
escape. At 10.30 she got out; I put her back, but 
she soon escaped again. I then put in another 
stranger. She was almost immediately attacked. In 
the meantime the old friends were gradually cleaned. 
At 1.30 they could scarcely be distinguished; they 
seemed quite at home, while the stranger was being 
dragged about. After 2 I could no longer distinguish 
them. They were, however, certainly not attacked. 
The stranger, on the contrary, was killed and brought 
out of the nest. 
This case, therefore, entirely. confirmed the pre- 
ceding, in which strangers were always attacked; friends 
were in most cases amicably received, even after more 
than a year of separation. But while the strangers 
were invariably attacked and expelled, the friends were 
not always recognised, at least at first. It seemed as if 
some of the ants had forgotten them, or perhaps the 
young ones did not recognise them. Even, however, 
when the friends were at first attacked, the aggressors 
soon seemed to discover their mistake, and friends were 
never ultimately driven out of the nest. This recogni- 
tion of old friends after a separation of more than a 
year seems to me very remarkable. 
The details are, I fear, tedious, but I have thought 
them worth giving, because a mere general statement, 
without particulars, would not give so clear an idea of 
the result. 
