and its Economic Management. 71 



like rape for the following Spring, should not be sown later 

 than July. 



Mustard is useful for sheep feeding, or for cleaning the 

 ground and ploughing under when just in bloom. Rape 

 is also used for folding sheep and then ploughed under;, 

 while as a feed for cows, cut as required daily, it is an 

 invaluable producer of milk ; and if cut during the 

 Autumn, will shoot out and flower freely in Spring. 



Poor Lands 



can frequently be restored without ploughing at all. I 

 had a very inferior field, and during a wet season in July 

 had it heavily manured. After the manure was spread 

 over the ground I sowed a mixture of clover seeds. The 

 whole, was then simply dredged with a heavy bush, and 

 in a few days the clover was sprouting thickly over the 

 ground. The new growth had all the nourishment required, 

 and the following year I cut nearly three tons of valuable 

 hay to the acre, where formerly it was not worth cutting. 

 In such cases seeds sown without manure would only be 

 wasted. 



Area required for 100 Colonies. 



Each square mile of 640 acres, it may be computed, will 

 support 50 colonies of bees, if we consider the average 

 irregular supply ; but though this would give the bees 

 only half-a-mile to fly each way, from a given centre, I 

 hope to show presently that a much smaller area devoted 

 exclusively to bee-forage, will support double that number 

 of colonies in full profit. 



During the season a fair colony requires for its support 

 during six months of actual work^ — -while feeding large 

 patches of uncapped brood, in feeding thousands of young 

 bees before they are able to work, in sustaining the wear 



