FRATERCULA. \\ 



Gentjs FRATERCULA Brisson. (Page 8, pi. III., fig. 2.) 



Species. 



Common Characters. — Upper parts, together with a band across fore-neck, 

 uniform blackish ; sides of head grayish or white ; lower parts pure white. Downy 

 young, uniform sooty blackish, or dark sooty slate, the belly white. Egg shaped and 

 colored like that of Lunda cirrhata. 



a 1 . Grooves of the bill very oblique, broad, and distinct, the deciduous basal shields 



occupying less than the basal half of the bill. Nuptial plumage : Chin and 



whole throat grayish, the sides of the head gray ; horny process on upper 



eyelid short, subcorneal; length 11.50-13.75. 



b l . Bill and general size smaller : Culmen 1.60-1.90, gonys 1.40-1.50, depth of 



upper mandible at base .75-.90, of lower, .40-50. Egg 2.46-1.74. Sab. 



Coasts of the North Atlantic, from southern Greenland south, in winter, 



in North America, to New Jersey, breeding as far south as the Bay 



of Pundy 13. F. arctica (Linn.). Puffin. 



b 2 . Bill and general size larger: Culmen 2.00-2.30, gonys 1.40-1.60, depth of 

 upper mandible at base .85-1.00, of lower, .70.-80. Egg 2.65-1.82. Hab. 

 Coasts and islands of the Arctic Ocean, from Spitzbergen to northern 

 and western Greenland. 



13a. F. arctica glacialis (Temm.). Large-billed Puffin. 

 a 2 . Grooves of the bill nearly vertical, narrow, and rather indistinct ; deciduous 

 basal shields occupying much more than the basal half of the bill. Nuptial 

 plumage : "Whole throat blackish, the chin, only, gray ; sides of head white ; 

 horny process on upper eyelid elongated, horn-like. Downy young : Uniform 

 sooty blackish, the belly, abruptly, white. Length about 12.50-14.00 ; culmen 

 2.00-2.25, gonys 1.60-1.70, depth of upper mandible 1.15-1.25, of lower, .70- 

 .80. Egg 2.74-1.84. Sab. Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from 

 British Columbia to the Kurile Islands. 



14. F. corniculata (Naum.). Horned Puffin. 



Gentts CERORHINCA Bonaparte. (Page 9, pi. IV., fig. 1.) 



Species. 



Bill much compressed, longer than deep, the culmen regularly curved, but 

 gonys nearly straight; upper parts uniform dusky; under portion and sides of 

 head and neck, down to the chest, together with sides, smoky plumbeous ; rest of 

 lower parts white, usually clouded with smoky gray ; a row of narrow, pointed, 

 white feather's along each side of occiput, commencing just above and behind the 

 eye ; another row of similar but larger feathers across cheeks, from near corner of 

 mouth. Nuptial plumage : Base of upper mandible surmounted by a compressed 

 upright horn, the base of which clasps the mandible as a saddle, down to, and en- 

 closing the nostrils. Winter plumage : Similar to nuptial dress, but breast more 



