10 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



terior end; secondaries sharply tipped with white. (Subfamily 

 Alcince.) 

 d x . Bill narrow, the culmen slightly or gently curved, both mandibles 

 destitute of grooves; tail rounded, the feathers not pointed. 



(JJriaeas.) Uria. (Page 17.) 



d 2 . Bill very deep, much compressed, culmen strongly curved, and one 



or both mandibles transversely or obliquely grooved (except in 



young) ; tail graduated, the feathers pointed. (Alcece.) 



e 1 . Size medium (culmen less than 1.50) ; bill much shorter than 



head, the lower mandible with not more than two grooves, 



or none; wings well developed, admitting of sustained flight. 



Alca. (Page 18.) 



e s . Size very large (culmen more than 3.00) ; bill as long as the 



head, the lower mandible with numerous grooves ; wings 



rudimentary, not admitting of flight.. Plautus. (Page 19.) 



b\ Angle of chin much nearer tip of bill than to nostril. (Subfamily Allince.) 



Bill very short and broad, the culmen much curved; size very small 



(wing less than 5.00) ; secondaries sharply tipped with white. 



Alle. 1 (Page 19.) 



Genus LUNDA Pallas. (Page 8, pi. III., fig. 1.) 



Species. 



Above uniform sooty black, lower parts sooty grayish, the feathers of breast 

 and belly grayish white beneath the surface, this color sometimes showing through, 

 and breaking the continuity of the dusky. Nuptial plumage : Anterior portion of 

 side of head white ; springing from each side of the crown, immediately above the 

 eye, a thick pendent tuft of lengthened, silky, straw-colored feathers ; terminal 

 half of bill bright red, basal portion olive-yellowish ; feet bright scarlet (in life). 

 Winter plumage : Side of head wholly dusky, but lighter in region of insertion of 

 the nuptial tufts, which are wholly absent; basal deciduous horny covering of bill 

 replaced by soft, dusky brown skin; feet flesh-color (in life). Young, first winter : 

 Similar to winter adult, but upper mandible destitute of grooves, and nuptial tufts 

 present in a rudimentary condition but of a light brownish color ; terminal portion 

 of bill inclining to brownish orange-red. Young, first summer or autumn : Bill 

 smaller, narrower, and browner in color ; nuptial tufts wanting. Downy young : 

 Uniform dark sooty grayish, or blackish. Length 14.40-15.60 ; wing 7.75 ; culmen 

 1.30-1.45. Egg 2.86 X 1-92, more or less ovate, white (sometimes tinged with pale 

 bufly, pinkish, or brownish), usually more or less marked round larger end with 

 faint spots, splashes or streaks of pale brown, or lavender-gray, or both. Sab. 

 Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from southern California to Alaska, and 

 from Bering's Strait to Japan ; accidental in Bay of Pundy and Kennebec Eiver, 

 Maine..... 12. L. cirrhata Pall. Tufted Puffin. 



1 Alle Link, Beschr. Nat. Samml. Univ. Rostoek, i. 1806, 46 (not p. 17, as given in A. 0. U. Check List). 



