116 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



a 1 . Culmen not more than 2.30, tarsus less than 3.00. 



Admit : Pore part of head, all round, to about half way across lores and 

 forehead, white ; rest of head grayish brown (darkest next the white), 

 as are also the neck and upper parts, the latter varied by distinct gray- 

 ish tips to the feathers ; lower parts grayish white, blotched or irregu- 

 larly spotted with black ; anal region, crissum, and tail-coverts white ; 

 greater wing-coverts ash-gray tipped with white ; secondaries blackish 

 edged with white ; bill light colored (yellowish or orange in life), with 

 white nail; feet light-colored (orange or reddish in life). Young: 

 Similar to .adult, but fore-part of head dusky instead of white, lower 

 parts without black markings, and nail of bill dusky. 

 6 1 . Length about 28.00, wing 14.75-16.00, culmen 1.60-1.75, depth of upper 

 mandible at base about .90, width .85-1.05, tarsus 2.25-2.80. Eggs 

 3.06 X 2.03. Sab. Northern portions of eastern hemisphere ; south- 

 eastern Greenland ?. 171. A. albifrons (Gmel.). White-fronted Goose. 

 b\ Length 27.00-30.00, wing 14.25-17.50, culmen 1.80-2.35, depth of upper 

 mandible at base .90-1.20, width .85-1.05, tarsus 2.60-3.20. Eggs 

 3.16 X 2.07. Sab. North America, breeding far northward ; in 



winter, south to Mexico and Cuba 171a. A. albifrons gambeli 



(Hartl.). American White-fronted Goose. 

 a 2 . Culmen more than 2.30, tarsus more than 3.00. 



Adult : Head and neck grayish brown ; upper parts brownish gray, the 

 feathers tipped with grayish white ; rump blackish brown, lower parts 

 brownish gray, becoming white posteriorly, the upper tail-coverts and 

 sides of rump also white ; bill chiefly light-colored (orange in life ?), the 

 nail, culmen, and basal half of lower mandible black ; feet light-colored 

 (orange-yellowish in life) ; length about 30.00-32.00, wing 18.50, or less, 

 culmen 2.35, tarsus 3.10. Sab. Northern portions of eastern hemi- 

 sphere ; said to have occurred in Canada and at Hudson's Bay (fide 

 NtTTTALL). A. segetum (Gmel.). Bean Goose. 1 



G-enus BRANTA Scopoli. (Page 87, pi. XXVIII., fig. 4.) 



Species. 



Com&on Characters. — Bill and feet entirely deep black, at all ages ; head and 

 neck black, one or the other, or both, relieved by white patches ; tail-coverts 

 white ; tail and quills uniform black ; upper parts brownish, the feathers with 

 lighter tips ; lower parts (from thighs forward) grayish white (in B. leucopsis only), 

 grayish, brownish, or dusky. 



a 1 . Head partly white. 



b\ Head black, with a somewhat triangular whitish patch on each cheek 

 usually confluent on throat, but sometimes separated by a black throat- 

 stripe ; chest grayish or brownish, like breast and belly. 



1 Anas segetum Gmel., S. N. i. 1788, 512. Anser eegetum Meyeb, Tasohb. ii. 1810, 554. 



