436 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



States, west to Minnesota, eastern Dakota, Kansas, and Texas, 

 south to Gulf coast. 



587. P. erythrophthalmus (Linn.). Towhee. 



<P. Smaller, with smaller white markings on quills and tail-feathers ; 



iris of adult male usually yellowish or whitish ; length 7.00- 



8.25, wing 2.95-3.20 (3.10), tail 3.55-3.90 (3.71) ; white space on 



outer tail-feather only .66-.75 long. Eggs 1.01 X -69 (?). Sab. 



Florida 587a. P. erythrophthalmus alleni Coues. 



White-eyed Towhee. 

 c*. Wing-coverts tipped with white, and scapulars more or less streaked 

 with the same. 

 d 1 . Back more or less streaked with white (these streaks sometimes 

 concealed or even obliterated in middle of back, but always 

 distinct along sides of back, next to scapulars). 

 &. Streaks on back very conspicuous, and other white markings 

 greatly developed, the white on wing-coverts forming two 

 broad, continuous bars across wing, the white edgings to 

 quills and tertials always distinct, and white terminal 

 space on outer tail-feather more than 1.00 long; adult 

 females with general color of head, neck, chest, and upper 

 parts grayish brown or olive-brown. 

 f 1 . Adult male with rump, upper tail-coverts, remiges, and 

 edges of tail-feathers olive brownish (sometimes in- 

 clining to smoky grayish), the back and scapulars 

 mixed with the same color. 



"Wing 3.25-3.75, tail 3.95-4.20, exposed culmen .52- 

 .55, tarsus 1.10-1.12, middle toe .75-.80 ; white 

 space on outer tail-feather 1.30-1.50, involving 

 both webs. Sab. Southern and central Mexico 

 and highlands of Guatemala. 



P. maculatus Swains. Mexican Towhee. 1 

 /*. Adult males with rump, upper tail-coverts, etc., black, or 

 but slightly intermixed with grayish (rump sometimes 

 uniform olive-grayish). 

 g 1 . Lighter colored, with white markings more exten- 

 sive, and rufous of sides, etc., paler, more ochra- 

 ceous ; white edgings to primaries sometimes de- 

 veloped into a more or less conspicuous patch at 

 base ; white on outer tail-feather occupying more 

 than the exposed half (1.30-1.75 long). Adult 

 female with head, neck, chest, rump, etc., broc- 

 coli-brown. Young : Similar to corresponding 

 stage of P. erythrophthalmus, but less tawny, and 



1 Pipilo maculatus Swains., Phil. Mag. n. s. i. 1827, 434. 



