442 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



milion, back and rump deep brownish red ; tail 3.85 or more (usually 

 more than 4.00). 

 c 1 . Adult male wifch black of lores distinctly connected across forehead. 



Adult male : Head, neck, and lower parts fine vermilion, the crest 

 much duller (more like color of upper parts). Adult female 

 with breast, etc., grayish buffy or light tawny; upper parts 

 olive-grayish (wings and tail much as in the male); capis- 

 trum (i.e., differently colored patch round base of bill, including 

 upper part of throat) dull light grayish. Length 7.50-9.25, 

 wing (male) 3.55-4.00 (3.70), tail 3.90-4.60 (4.20), culmen .72- 

 .82 (.78), depth of bill through base .60-67 (.62), tarsus .90-1.00 

 (.97). Eggs .99 X -73. Sab. Eastern United States, north 

 regularly to 40° (casually or irregularly nearly to northern 

 border), west to edge of Great Plains, south to Gulf coast 

 (Florida to southern Texas). 



593. C. cardinalis Linn. Cardinal. 



<?. Adult males with black of lores not connected across forehead ; bill 



stouter. 



d 1 . Colors paler than in C. virginianus, the female with the capis- 



trum grayish white and very indistinct. 



e 1 . Larger: Length (male) about 9.40-9.50, wing 4.00-4.15 (4.06), 



tail 4.60-5.10 (4.97), culmen .85-.90 (.86), depth of bill at 



base .65-.70 (.68), tarsus 1.07-1.12 (1.08). Eggs 1.00 X -75. 



Sab. "Western Mexico, south. to Mazatlan, north to southern 



Arizona 593a. C. cardinalis superbus Ridgw. 



Arizona Cardinal. 



e\ Smaller: Length (male) about 8.00-8.50, wing 3.60-3.80 



(3.70), tail 4.30-4.60 (4.46), culmen .75-.85 (.79), depth of 



bill at base .62-.68 (.66), tarsus .95-1.05 (1.01). Eggs 1.00 



X -72. Sab. Lower California 5936. C. cardinalis 



igneus (Baird). Saint Lucas Cardinal. 



cP. Colors darker and richer than in O. cardinalis, the female with 



the capistrum dark grayish, or grayish black, very distinct. 



c 1 . Larger : Wing (adult males) 3.60, or more, tail 4.20, or more. 



Wing 3.60-3.85 (3.67), tail 4.20-4.50 (4.29), culmen .82- 



.90 (.87), depth of bill at base .60-.70 (.67), tarsus .95- 



1.05 (1.02). Sab. Eastern and central Mexico (north 



to Mirador). 



C. cardinalis coccineus Ridgw. Mexican Cardinal. 1 



e 5 . Smaller: Wing (adult males) less than 3.60, tail less than 



4.20. 



f 1 . Brighter colored, with smaller bill; female with breast, 



etc., bright ochraceous-tawny, back tawny olive, the 



' Cardinalis virginianus var. coccineus Ridgw., Am. Jour. Soi. & Arts, V. Jan. 1873, 39. 



