DENDROICA. 493 



throat, chest, and sides streaked with black; back olive-greenish; a 

 white patch on wings, covering middle and greater coverts. {In autumn, 

 markings much obscured by grayish and olive suffusion.) Adult female : 

 Grayish olive above, brighter on rump, the wing-coverts merely edged 

 with whitish ; beneath dull yellowish white (sometimes deeper yellow- 

 ish), streaked on chest, etc., with dusky; white tail-spots much re- 

 stricted. Length 4.70-5.65, wing 2.85, tail 2.15. Nest a very neat cup- 

 shaped structure, about 2.25 deep and 3.00 across outside, with cavity 

 1.25 deep by 1.75 wide, composed of dried spruce twigs, grasses, spiders' 

 webs, etc. ; placed in evergreen trees or bushes, usually not far from 

 ground. Eggs 3-4, .70 X -52, dull white, buffy white, or grayish white, 

 speckled or spotted round larger end with dark brown or reddish brown 

 and lilac-gray, occasionally mixed with a few smaller markings of black- 

 ish. Sab. Eastern North America, north to Hudson's Bay, Lake Win- 

 nipeg, etc., breeding from northern New England northward (also in 

 mountains of Jamaica) ; winters in Greater Antilles. 



650. D. tigrina (Gmel.). Cape May Warbler. 

 J 2 . Inner webs of tail-feathers without white spots. Adult male : Whole top 

 of head and broad streak on side of head black ; back and lesser wins:- 

 coverts dusky olive spotted or broadly streaked with black ; middle 

 wing-coverts tipped with yellow, greater coverts with white; rump, 

 upper tail-coverts, and tail yellowish olive-green ; rest of plumage gam- 

 boge-yellow, tinged with dusky olive on sides, the sides of chest, etc., 

 streaked with black ; length 4.75, culmen .45, tarsus .75. Sab. Ken- 

 tucky (Henderson; known only from Audubon's plate and descrip- 

 tion) — . D. carbonata (Aud.). Carbonated Warbler. 



a*. Bill not very acute nor distinctly decurved at tip ; tongue gradually tapering to 



the slightly cleft and fringed tip. 1 



b\ A white spot at base of quills, in combination with other white markings 



on wings ; wing half as long again as tail. (Subgenus Peucedramus 



Cotjes.) 



Adult male : Head, neck, and chest orange-rufous, or deep ochraceous, 



sometimes tinged with olive ; lores and ear-coverts black, forming 



a conspicuous patch on side of head ; back, scapulars, and rump plain 



olive or dull olive-gray ; middle and greater wing-coverts broadly 



tipped with white ; belly dull white. Adult female (and male in first 



year) : Head, neck, and chest dull buffy or yellowish, the top of the 



head and hind-neck tinged with olive-green, and black patch on 



side of head in male replaced by a much less distinct one of dusky 



(usually confined to ear-coverts) ; otherwise similar to male, but 



duller. Length 4.60-5.40, wing averaging about 3.00, tail about 



1 This character has not been tested in all the species referred to this group, and may not prove diagnostic 

 in the case of some of those not examined ; the indications, however, are strongly in favor of the probability that 

 essentially the same style of tongue will be found in them all. 



