22 THE BACTERIA OE THE APIARY. 



Lactose.— Growth takes place in both arms of the tube, but the sugar Is not 

 split into either acid or gas. 



Saccharose.— Giowth occurs in both arms of the tube, neither acid nor gas 

 being formed. 



f Levulose.— Growth takes place in both arms with the production of gas and 

 acid; one-third of the closed arm is filled. The ratio of hydrogen to carbon 

 dioxid is about 3 to 1 — that is, greater than 1. 



Maltose. — The medium in both arms of the tube becomes clouded. Fermenta- 

 tion results in the production of gas sufficient to fill about one-fifth of the 

 tube. Only a small portion of the gas is absorbed by sodium hydroxid, leaving 

 behind an explosive gas. 



Mannite. — The medium in both branches of the tube becomes clouded; gas 

 is not formed. Reaction alkaline. 



Potato water. — ^About one-fifth of the closed arm is filled with gas. Reaction 

 acid. 



Agar slant. — A moderate, grayish-white, glistening, nonspreading growth is 

 formed along the surface inoculated with the loop. 



Serum. — A moderate, gray, glistening, nonspreading growth takes place on 

 the inclined surface. No liquefaction occurs. 



Potato. — A feeble, grayish growth is observed. The potato becomes slightly 

 discolored. 



Millc. — No coagulation occurs, and no gas is produced. Reaction alkaline. 



Litmus milk. — The medium slowly becomes more and more alkaline. 



Gelatin. — A moderate, white growth takes place along the line of inocula- 

 tion. On the surface it spreads with irregular margin. No liquefaction occurs. 



Acid agar. — ^A moderate growth appears. 



Indol. — Indol is produced. 



Nitrates. — Reduction to nitrites (?). 



Bacillus E. 



Occurrence. — Isolated from the intestine of healthy honey bees. 



Oelatin colonies. — The colonies are lemon-yellow. Surface colonies are con- 

 vex, smooth, with entire margin ; when magnified ' they are finely granular. 

 Deep colonies, when magnified, are lenticular, finely granular, and may appear 

 dark green. Liquefaction takes place slowly. 



Morphology. — The rods are short, with rounded ends, and usually occur singly. 

 The bacilli are l.5/i to 2/< in length and 0.7ju. in thickness. This species pos- 

 sesses a few peritrichic flagella. 



Motility. — ^The bacteria are actively motile. 



Spores. — No spores are present. 



Gram.'s stain. — They stain with Gram's stain. 



Oxygen requirements. — Aerobic. 



Bouillon. — The medium becomes uniformly clouded in 24 hours. Later a 

 tough, yellowish-white membrane is formed, which sinks upon shaking. The 

 medium is very viscid in old cultures. Reaction alkaline. 



Glucose. — Growth is confined to the open bulb. No gas formation occurs. 

 Reaction slightly acid. 



Lactose.— There is a marked mucous-like appearance in the medium. Reac- 

 tion alkaline. 



Saccharose. — Reaction acid. 



Levulose. — Reaction alkaline. 



Maltose. — Reaction alkaline. 



Mannite. — Reaction slightly acid. 



