EUROPEAN FOULBROOD. 13 



Glucose gelatin plate.— A.t refrigerator temperature and within 3 days, the 

 surface colonies begin to liquefy the gelatin, each liquefied area appearins 

 somewhat as a minute drop of water. 



Agar slant.~la one day numerous gray colonies cover the Inoculated surface. 



Bouillon.— Within a day the medium is uniformly and moderately clouded. 



Fermentation.— In glucose, lactose, saccharose, levulose, maltose, and man- 

 nite bouillons, a uniform clouding of the media occurs. The growth takes place 

 in both arms of the tube, but is heavier in the open one. Considerable acidity, 

 but no gas, is produced. 



Milk. — Milk is rapidly coagulated. Disestion of the coagulum follows. In 

 from 3 to 5 days more than one-half has been changed. Within 24 hours the 

 color is discharged in litmus milk, except at the top of the medium. In other 

 respects it is like the plain milk. 



Potato.— No visible growth. That growth in the potato water takes place is 

 confirmed by microscopic examination. 



Gelatin stab. — Liquefaction along the line of puncture is appreciable after one 

 day. In four days a cylinder of liquefied gelatin 1 cm. in diameter surrounds 

 the original line of puncture and soon extends to the walls of the tube. 



Pathogenesis. — No disease results when 

 the brood of bees is fed cultures of 

 Streptococcus apis either by the direct 

 or indirect method. A rabbit and two 

 guinea pigs inoculated with a pure cul- 

 ture of Streptococcus apis were not sus- 

 ceptible to infection with the species. 



BACTEKIUM EURTDIOE 



The presence of this species in 

 European foulbrood was pointed 

 out by the writer in an earlier pub- 

 lication (15). Among the second- 

 ary invaders in larvae infected with 

 Bacillus pliMon, Bacterium eury- ^^°- ^■—Baeteriam euryaiee. 



dice is one of the earliest to be found. It is often present in consid- 

 erable numbers. In plating for the species the stomach contents from 

 larvse sick, but not dead, of the disease should be used. In studying 

 this species cultures were isolated which in some respects differed 

 from it. Whether these are different species or belong to a group of 

 which Bacteriwn eurydice is a representative has not been definitely 

 determined. 



To isolate Bacterium eurydice the plating has been done with glu- 

 cose agar. Incubation must be' carried out at room temperature. 

 Growth of the species is always slow and never luxuriant. Under 

 favorable conditions colonies are visible after one day. To preserve 

 cultures they must be renewed frequently. 



Occurrence. — Bacterium eurydice is frequently present in larvse sick or 

 recently dead of European foulbrood. 



Glucose agar plate. — To the naked eye the surface colonies are slightly 

 convex, smooth, and glistening. They are from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter, cir- 



