The Bbemoth ok AVaxvyorm 



17 



DESCRIPTION 



The newly formed pupa is white. At the end of the first twenty- 

 four liours It turns to :i straw color, very light at first, deepening slowly. 

 By the end of the fourtli day the pupa is light brown and this color 

 gradually deci^ns, so that by the end of the pupal period the insect is 

 dark brown. The male pupae average fourteen millimeters (about two- 

 thirds of an inch) in length and the female pupae are fully sixteen 

 millimeters in length. A row of spines arises just back of the head 

 and extends to the fifth abdominal segment; the body line is somewhat 

 curved downward. 



DUHATION OE PUPAL STAGE 



The pupal stage varies greatly with the seasons, being especially long 

 during the fall and winter. 



Table 12. — Duration of pupal stage. 1912. 



Pupated. 



Jan. 17, 1912 



Jan. 18, 1912 



Jan. 18, 1912 



Jan. 21, 1912 



Jan. 20, 1912 



Jan. 20., 1912 



Emerged. 



Mar. 9, 1912 



Mar. 3, 1912 



Mar. 7, 1912 



Mar. 11. 1912 



Mar. 9, 1912 



Mar. 15, 1912 



Period. 



52 days 

 45 days 

 49 days 

 51 days 

 49 days 

 55 days 



These pupae were in cages in the laboratory with no artificial heat. 

 The average length of the period was fifty days. 



Table 13. — Duration of pupal stage, 1912. 



These pupae were in cages in the laboratory with normal temperat^ure. 

 The average length of the period was 7.85 days. 



