3MARINE COLLECTING. 35 



wide mouths kept upright in a basket ; one jar may be partly 

 filled with alcohol and corked, the others are to contain salt 

 water, and should remain open. In the pockets of the col- 

 lector should be carried a large number of " homoeopathic 

 vials," some empty and others with alcohol. A spade and a 

 long-handled net will also prove useful. Many forms will be 

 found in the seaweed covering the rocks ; the rocks them- 

 selves should be closely examined, turning them over for the 

 purpose if possible, and the mud of the shore should be 

 turned up with the spade for worms, shells, etc. The speci- 



FlG. 12. 



mens should be placed in one of the jars of water unless it 

 be thought best to place certain forms at once in alcohol. 



For collecting the forms from that portion which is never 

 uncovered othej methods have to be employed. Dredging is 

 the principal one, others are the use of the trawl, the "tangle," 

 "pumping," etc. 



The dredge, fig. 1 2 is a rectangular frame of iron with two 

 scrapers so that it will work no matter which side up it may fall. 

 To this firame a net is laced by means of copper wire passed 

 through holes in the scrapers and around the frame at the end. 

 This net should be surrounded with a stout canvas or leather 



