174 SWINE PRACTICE 



Anatomical Consideration 



URINARY ORGANS 



The kidneys of swine are located beneath the transverse processes 

 of the first four lumbar verterbrae. The left kidney frequently ex- 

 tends slightly anterior to the right one. The kidneys of swine have a 

 smooth surface. They are approximately the shape of a bean and 

 normally are of pale red color, although the shade is variable. They 

 weigh about 8 ounces in a normal mature swine and are about 5 

 inches in length and 2 to 3 inches in width. The hilus occupies the 

 concavity. The blood-vessels enter the kidney through the hilus and 

 the ureter extends from it to the bladder. The ureters are relatively 

 long and flexuous. The bladder is relatively large and projects well 

 forward into the abdominal cavity. 



The adrenals extend forward from the hilus of the kidney and 

 are relatively thin, long and narrow. 



GENITAL ORGANS 



Boar 



The genital organs of the boar consist of: scrotum, testicles, 

 epididymis, spermatic cord, seminal vesicles, prostate gland and 

 penis. 



The scrotum is not distinctly outlined and is located below the 

 anus. The testicles are comparatively large and elliptical in shape. 

 The semen of the boar is usually thick and ropy in consistency, and 

 in aged boars it may contain small masses or granules. 



The spermatic cord is long and flexuous. The cremaster muscle 

 is well developed. The seminal vesicles are large and extend well 

 forward. In a mature boar these glands are about six inches in 

 length and cover a large portion of the posterosuperior surface of 

 the bladder. The prostate gland is located on the neck of the blad- 

 der beneath the seminal vesicles. In mature boars there are bulbo- 

 urethral glands that are exceedingly large, located on either side of 

 the pelvic portion of the urethra. 



The penis of the boar is about 19 inches in length. It is devoid 

 of a glans but the anterior extremity is spirally twisted. The urethra 

 is slit like and situated near the extremity. There is a flexure lo- 

 cated antero-inferiorly to the scrotum. The muscles of the penis are 

 quite well developed. 



The prepuce has a small opening that is surrounded by bristles. 

 The preputial cavity is long and is incompletely divided into an 



