180 SWINE PRACTICE 



Symptoms. — The symptoms of renal hemorrhage except in those 

 cases in which the blood escapes into the renal tubules and produces 

 hematuria are obscure. In rare instances hemorrhage into the kid- 

 ney tissue may be so extensive that the elimination of urea is di- 

 minished to an extent that the animal will evidence symptoms of 

 uremia. The usual symptoms of infectious diseases in which renal 

 hemorrhage occurs are readily recognized but are not dependent up- 

 on the hemorrhage into the kidney. 



Treatment. — The treatment of renal hemorrhage is not satisfac- 

 tory. 



PATTY CHANGES 



The occurrence of the so-called large white kidney is a common 

 experience, at least to those engaged in meat inspection. "Large 

 white kidney" is a name applied to two different conditions — fatty 

 kidney and fibrous kidney. The fatty white kidney is less common 

 than the fibrous white kidney. 



Etiology. — Some renal vascular disturbance in the kidney or gen- 

 eral malnutrition appears to be the causative factor in the produc- 

 tion of fatty kidneys. 



Lesions. — The affected kidney is large and creamy white in color. 

 The capsule is easily stripped, and the kidney substance is soft and 

 feels greasy. Only one kidney is affected in those cases in which the 

 kidney is exceedingly large. Both kidneys may be affected, but 

 only to a limited degree. 



Symptoms. — No primarj' symptoms characterize this condition. It 

 is detected only on autopsy. 



CALCULI 



Renal calculi occur but are not common in swine. They ma^ 

 occur in the collecting tubules but are more likely to be found in the 

 renal pelvis. 



Etiology. — The formation of renal calculi is usually associated with 

 an obstructed outflow of urine. Eetained urine in the renal pelvis 

 or in the collecting tubules has a tendency to undergo fermentation, 

 with the production of an unbalanced condition of the chemical con- 

 stituents resulting in precipitation. Retained urine and fermenta- 

 tion also favor catarrhal inflammation. The mucopurulent discharge 

 may serve as a nucleus upon which the precipitate is deposited. 



