46 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HONEY-BEE. 
lower jaws are shorter, its head rounder, and its abdomen 
without the receptacles for secreting wax ; its hind legs have 
neither brushes nor baskets, and its sting is curved (fig. 21), 
and one-third longer than that of a worker. 
Fig. 21. 
THE STING OF THE QUEEN. 
(Magnified. From Girard.) 
a,a, branches of the oviduct; «, oviduct; 6, spermatheca; d, sting; 
e, poison-sack; f, gland. 
4th. Its instincts are entirely changed. MJReared as a 
worker, it would have thrust out its sting at the least provo- 
cation; whereas now, it may be pulled limb from limb with- 
out attempting to sting. As a worker, it would have treated 
a queen with the greatest consideration ; but now, if brought 
in contact with another queen, it seeks to destroy her asa 
rival. As a worker, it would frequently have left the hive, 
either for labor or exercise; as a queen, it never leaves it 
after impregnation, except to accompany a new swarm. 
5th. The term of its life is remarkably lengthened. Asa 
worker, it would not have lived more than six or seven 
months; as a queen, it may live seven or eight times as 
