INTRODUCTION OF VIRGIN QUEENS. 279 
a queen, and over any spot where she alighted when her 
swarm came forth. 
This scent of the queen was probably known in Aristotle’s 
time, who says: ‘‘ When the bees swarm, if the king (queen) 
is lost, we are told that they all search for him, and follow 
him with their sagacious smell, until they find him.’’ 
Wildman says: ‘‘The scent of her body is so attractive to 
them, that the slightest.touch of her, along any place, or 
substance, will attract the bees to it, and induce them to 
pursue any path she takes. ’”’ 
The intelligent bee-keeper has now realized, not only 
how queens may be raised or replaced, by the use of the 
movable-frame hive, but how any operation, which in other 
hives is performed with difficulty, if at all, isin this rendered 
easy and certain. No hive, however, can make theignorant 
or negligent very successful, even if they live in a region 
where the climate is so propitious, and the honey resources 
so abundant, that the bees will prosper in spite of misman- 
agement or neglect. 
