422 HONEY PRODUCTION. 
supers. Apiarists, who will follow our methods for extract- 
ing and raise but little comb honey, will see the benefit of 
using the same cases for both grades. 
Mr. Heddon’s invertible broad frames, in invertible sec- 
tion cases, are undoubtedly a good thing, especially as they 
are crowded together by the pressure of screws or offsets. 
739. THE SECTION CRATE, invertible or not, is now used 
by the majority of specialists. Messrs. Miller, Shuck, Arm- 
strong, Manum, Foster, all comb honey producers, have 
each a particular style of crate. Mr. C. C. Miller places 
his sections in crates without top or bottom, three-eighths 
of an inch deeper than the sections. To support the sec- 
tions in these boxes. he nails, under both ends, a strip of 
tin, which projects one fourth inch inside. Strips of tin, 
bent in the form of an L and soldered back to back, to 
form three inverted T’s (fig. 170), are supported, across the 
box, by six small pieces of sheet iron, nailed at regular 
intervals under the sides of the box. Mr. A. I. Root im- 
proved these T as seen in the figure. These crates holding 
28 or 32 sections, can be piled upon one another, leaving a 
bee space between them, while a similar bee space is pro- 
vided between the sections and the slats of the skeleton 
honey board (fig. 76), by the shape of the latter. 
740. Another way was contrived by Mr. Manum, of 
Bristol, Vermont, whose success in raising comb honey is 
well known. 
He also uses a box without top or bottom, and holding 
only one row of 2-lb. sections, or two rows of 1 lb., eight 
totherow. These boxes, too, have strips of tin nailed under 
both sides and a band of sheet iron, for a cross-piece, run- 
ning from end to end. A thumbscrew placed at one end, 
and acting on an offset, presses the sections against each 
other, and keeps the separators in place. Mr. Manum 
has used these clamps for several years and is well satisfied 
with them. 
