452 DISEASES OF BEES. 
of the solution. The water can be measured in the same way. 
Describing the Hilbert process, Mr. Cowan, who has 
also succeeded in curing a number of cases, writes: 
794. ‘One of the simplest and most rapid ‘ways of curing the 
disease is by Hilbert’s fumigating process, as the fumes of salicy- 
lic acid have the power of penetrating everything in the hive and 
destroying all the germs of foul-brood. The apparatus used for this 
purpose is the fumigator improved by Mr. Ed. Bertrand, (fig. 187). 
c | ————SE 
Ny \\ 
B 
TH \\ 
Ht 1 TALL 
oat 
A 
wer esa 
H = E al | F 
ra 9 GF 
Fig. 187. 
BERTRAND FUMIGATOR. 
It consists of a cylinder A, to which is hinged, at D, a cover B, 
having a nozzle at C. ‘This is 5 inches by 1}, so as to be easily in- 
serted between hive and floor board, and it is kept in position by 
the fastening E. A spirit lamp H, has the flame so regulated that 
the acid placed in the metal dish I, above it, is gently evaporated. 
The hive to be operated upon is not removed from its stand, but 
israised up at the back off its floor-board by means of blocks of 
wood, and wedges are inserted at the sides, so as to leave only 
space for the insertion of nozzle, C, of fumigator. With hives on 
legs, the floor-board can be lowered. Fifteen and a half grains of 
salicylic acid are then placed in the dish I, and the flame of the 
lamp so regulated that the acid is gently evaporated. ‘loo much 
flame will cause it to boil over, and waste; too little would not 
melt it, so that just the right amount is found out by experiment. 
The nozzle of the fumigator in operation is now inserted in the 
