NOVITATES ZoOLOGrCAE XXV. 1918. 43 



*224. Aquila adalberti Brehm = Aquila heliaca adalberti. 



Aquila Adalherti, A. Adalberti major und minor Brehm, Bericht XIII. Vers. Deutsch. Orn. Oes. 

 1860, pp. 60-62 (1861— Spain). 



Type : " ? triennis, Hispania." This specimen is evidently one of the first 

 obtained by Reinhold Brehm, and it agrees with the original description. I 

 think it may, therefore, be claimed to be the type. Brehm only knew the 

 juvenile and median plumages, and, judging from the fact that his son Reinhold 

 found pairs nesting in the juvenile plumage, and that specimens in the Zoo- 

 logical Gardens at Hamburg did not change into a black plumage, he concluded 

 that the bird always remained all its life in a rusty plumage, and was thus a 

 very distinct species, more nearly related to the ra^xia^-group than to any other. 

 Dresser appears to have been the first to discover the fully adult black plumage, 

 and he described it as A. leucolena, in 1872, not knowing that it had, in another 

 plumage, already received the name adalherti. Though always recognisable, it 

 must be treated as a subspecies of the Eastern A. heliaca heliaca. It seems 

 to breed not unfrequently in the juvenile plumage ; possibly some individually 

 never attain the usual black garb of^the fully adult male and female. 



225. Aquila raptor Brehm = Aquila rapax albicans. 



Aquila raptor A. E. Brehm, Naumannia, 1855. p. 13 (Blue and White Nile). 



Type : <? ad., Blue Nile, 8. ii. 1857. A. E. Brehm leg. 



In the Bericht XIII. Vers. Deutsch. Orn. Ges. p. 55 (1861) C. L. Brehm 

 altered the name into Aquila lestris, because raptor, having no feminine gender, 

 could not be used for female birds ! * / 



226. Aquila variegata Brehm = Aquila rapax albicans. 



Aquila variegata Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 9 (1855 — " Nordoatafrika ") ; id., Ber. XIII. Vers. Deutsch. 

 Orn. Ges. 1860. p. 58 (1861— Sennaar). 



Type : 3 ad., Sennaar, 13. ii. 1857. A. E. Brehm leg. 



227. Aquila fusco-atra Brehm = Aquila clanga. 



Aquila fuseo-atra Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 10 (1855 — " Ungemein selten in Deutschland ") ; id., Allg. 

 Deutsche Naturh. Zeit. 1856, p. 16 (Description from a specimen shot near Qucrfurth, and 

 some from Egypt). 



Type: cj med., Querfurth, 20.i. 1820. 



It is not without pleasure that I once again use the old name Aquila 

 clanga. Though it is the third name according to priority, both the older names 

 have been preoccupied. Falco maculatus Gm. (1788) is antedated by Falco 

 maculatus, Tunstall 1771, which is used for a spotted Pernis apivorus ; Aquila 

 fusca Brehm (1823) has been used by Dumont in 1804 for a bird which was 

 probably a Golden Eagle. 



[Here must be added that A. bifasciata was first described in Lehrb. Nat. 

 eur. Vog. ii. p. 974 (1824 — Described from specimens seen by Hornschuch in 

 various collections — some at least from Switzerland and one from Zweibriicken 



* In Vog. pal. Fauna, p. 1095, the name raptor has inadvertently been omitted. On p. 1091 

 might be added : Aquila occidentaUs A. E. Brehm, Ber. XIII. Deutsch. Orn. Qea. pp. 96, 97, nomen 

 nudum / 



