NOVITATES ZOOLOOICAE XXV. 1918. 35 



179. Cinclus melanoga^ter Brehm = Cinclus cinclus cinclus. 



Cindus mdanogaster Brehm, Beitr. z. Vogelk, ii. pp. 111-118 * (1822— Described from a male, said 

 to be shot on the shore of Riigen, by Schilling, in November 1819. The label, however, says 

 4. xii. 1819, but there cannot be another specimen, as the description agreej minutely and 

 Brehm later, Namnannia, 1856. p. 189, expressly says, that only this one specimen was obtained 

 for him, and another tor the museum in Greifswald. Probably the error is on the label). 



Type : <? Riigen, 4. xii. 1819. Schilling coll. 



Much is made in the description of the tail, which is said to have only ten 

 rectrices. In Vog. pal. Fauna, p. 788, I stated that the tail of the type is 

 incomplete, but I am not so sure now that my statement was correct, and am 

 inclined to believe that the tail was aberrant, in having tan rectrices only. 



180. Cinclus septentrionalis Brehm = Cinclus cinclus cinchis. 



Cinclus septentrionalis Brehm, Lehrb. Naturg. alter eur. Voj. i. p. 287 (1823—" Waldbache 

 Norwegens '^. 



Type: " Skandinavien, <J aestate." 



181. Cinclus medius Brehm = Cinclus cinclus aquaticus.'f 



Cinclus medius Brehm, Handb. Nat. Voj. DeutscM. p. 395(1831 — Thiiringer Wald) ; id., Naumannta, 

 1856. p. 186 (Bonde coll., Thiiringer Wald, 23. vi. 1827). 



Type: <? ad. Thiiringer Wald, 23. vi. 1827. Bonde leg. 



182. Cinclus rupestris Brehm = Cinclus cinclus aquaticus. 



Cinclus rupestris Brehm, Naumannia, 1856. p. 188 (" Sachsische Schweiz, Thiiringer Wald, Dal- 

 matien "). . 



Type : cj ? (pair), Bastei, Sachsische Schweiz, 15. vii. 1834. 



(In their hst of Bavarian Birds Messrs. HeUmayr and Laubmann mention 

 three forms of Water-ouzels : C. cinclus medius ( = aquaticus), meridionalis, and 

 tschusii. It is a pity that not a few words were added about their distribution. 

 With regard to "tschusii" they might have alluded to my statement, Vog. pal. 

 Fauna, p. 791, that I could not see any differences in eleven skins from Rhein- 

 land.) The specimen from Dalmatia (if the locahty is correct) must be a 

 straggler, because meridionalis is the Dalmatian form. 



183. Cinclus peregrinus Brehm = Cinclus cinclus aquaticus. 

 Cinclus peregrinus Brehm, Naumannia, 1856. p. 187 (Thiiringer Wald, Aschaohtal in Oberos- 

 terreioh). 



Type : <J ad. Thiiringer Wald, 12. xii. 1819. 



Underside dark, approaching C. c. cinclus. Such specimens (still widely 

 different from C. c. cinclus in other respects) are found occasionally in other parts 



• This is the earliest description, not Lehrb. Nat. aUer eur. Vog. i. p. 289, which appeared in 

 1823. 



f In their excellent Nomenclator der Vogel Bay erne, which agrees so much with my nomen- 

 clature in The Hand-Ust of British Birds, p. 14, Messrs. HeUmayr and Laubmann reject the name 

 aqvatieuB for medius Brehm, because it was first published in Bechstein's Getreue Abbild. ii. Heft 3. 

 p. 47. tab. 30. 1787, and was merely a new name for lAroi&aSturnus cinclus. It is true that Bech- 

 stein quotes Linn6's name as a synonym, but, as he clearly figures the German Water- ouzel and 

 calls his bird the " deutsche Wassersanger," I think that his name can be restricted to the German 

 form and retained. We also restrict Linnaeus' s names to Sweden, even if he says " Habitat Europa" ! 

 To the synonyms of O. c. aquaticus naust be added : Cinclus hydrophilus, Borkhauser), 1797. 



