THE ARTERIES 331 



of an inch behind the coeliac artery. It divides 

 into numerous branches, which run in the mesen- 

 tery to supply the duodenum, pancreas, smaU in- 

 testine, caecum, and colon. 



c. The renal arteries are paired, the right one arising 



just behind the anterior mesenteric artery, and 

 the left a little further back. Each gives a small 

 branch to the muscles of the back, and then runs 

 outwards to the kidney. 



d. The spermatic arteries, in the male, are a pair of 



very small arteries, which arise about a couple of 

 inches behind the left renal artery, and run back- 

 wards and outwards along the dorsal surface of the 

 abdomen to enter the epididymes at their anterior 

 ends. 



The ovarian arteries, in the female, corre- 

 spond in origin to the spermatic, but run outwards 

 and slightly forwards to the ovaries. 



e. The posterior mesenteric artery is a median vessel, 



arising from the aorta about an inch in front of 

 its division into the common iliacs. It suppUes 

 the hinder part of the rectum. 



f. The lumbar arteries are small median arteries, 



arising from the dorsal surface of the aorta, and 

 dividing iato right and left branches supplying 

 the body-walls. 



g. The median sacral artery is a small vessel arising 



from the dorsal surface of the aorta, shortly before 

 its division, and running along the ventral surface 

 of the sacrum to the tail. It is to be regarded as 

 the posterior continuation of the aorta. 



h. The common iliac arteries, formed by the bifurca- 

 tion of the aorta, run backwards and outwards to 

 the hind-limbs, along which they are continued 

 as the femoral arteries. In the abdomen each 

 gives off the following branches. 



