THE BEAIN 423 



VIII. EXAMINATION OF THE BEAIN 



A. Bemoval of the Erain. 



Gut through the skin of the top of the head along the 

 middle line, and turn the flaps aside. Expose and scrape 

 clean the bones of the roof of the skull. Slice off with a 

 scalpel the skull-roof, taking care not to injv/re the brain, 

 which lies very close to the bone. 



Gut away, bit by bit, the roof and sides of the skull, with 

 the scalpel and stout scissors, so as to expose the brain 

 thoroughly. Remove the neural a/rches of the first two vertebrce, 

 and divide the spinal cord transversely. Turn out the brain 

 carefully, cutting across the several nerve-roots one by one. 

 Place the brain in a bottle of strong spirit, with a pad of 

 loose- cotton-wool at the bottom, and leave it for two or three 

 days until it is thoroughly hardened. Examine it in weak 

 spirit. 



B. External Characters of the Brain. 

 1. The dorsal surface. 



a. The cerebral hemispheres are a pair of large pyri- 



form bodies, closely applied to each other in the 

 median plane. Their surfaces are nearly smooth, 

 and their anterior ends bluntly pointed. 



b. The olfactory lobes are a pair of small conical bodies, 



projecting forwards from the anterior ends of the 

 hemispheres. 



c. The pineal body is a small oval body, immediately 



behind the hemispheres, and in the angle between 

 them. 



d. The optic lobes are a pair of smooth ovoid bodies 



at the sides of the brain, behind and rather below 

 the hemispheres. 



e. The cerebelliun is a median elongated oval body, 



marked by a number of transverse fissures. In 

 front it is in contact with the hemispheres ; 

 behind, it overlaps the medulla ; and laterally, it 

 hes above the optic lobes. 



