We need not attempt more fully to describe the deposits of the high plateau ; 

 its geology is evidently more difficult and complicated than had been thought, and 

 until accurate large*scale geological surveys have been made, we shall not know exactly 

 what strata are represented, and how they are affected by the tectonic movements. This 

 Memoir deals mainly with the fossil floras contained in the clay^deposits worked in the 

 scarp facing the Netherland plain; we will therefore now confine our attention to the 

 four localities from which these plants were obtained. 



South of Nijmegen and Wyler we leave the glaciated area, and the deposits are 

 undisturbed by the Baltic glacier; but they are sometimes affected by faults.These faults 

 make the stratigraphical relations somewhat difficult to follow, for as far as we yet 

 know there are no lithological differences between the gravels above, between, or 

 below the clay*beds.The various clay*beds, though differing somewhat in character and 

 colour, are not sufficiently different for us to use these variations for stratigraphical 

 purposes. Some of the variations are almost certainly due to geographical position ; for 

 though the northern localities belong to the combined basin of the Rhine and Maas, 

 the one furthest to the south belongs to the Maas alone, and the clays therefore will 

 not be lithologically the same, even if the beds are contemporaneous. 



The Teglian, or Upper Pliocene, flora has been obtained entirely from a single large 

 pit, atTegelen, nearVenloo, worked by Messrs. Canoy, Herfkens, and Smulders for bricks 

 and tiles. This pit has been described by Professor Eug. Dubois, who obtained there certain 

 plants and large mammals, which he spoke of as interglacial.The clays were subsequently 

 examined by us, and we obtained from the lower layers a much larger flora, of very 

 striking character, clearly older than that of the Cromer Forest*bed, and in many respects 

 resembling that of Eastern Asia. In washing these clays we found also various small bones, 

 which have been determined by Mr. E. T. Newton. Three other species of mammals 

 were subsequently found by Dr.TESCH and determined by Mr. Newton. The vertebrate 

 remains are important, as helping to fix the Newer Pliocene date of the Teglian, we there* 

 fore give the list in full, those marked * having been determined by Professor Dubois. 



PISCES. 



Abramis brama Linn. 

 Anguilla vulgaris Linn. 

 Esox lucius Linn. 

 Gasterosteus aculeatus Linn. 

 Leuciscus cephalus Linn.? 



„ erythrophthalmus Linn. 

 Lucioperca sandra Cuv.? 

 Perca fluviatilis Linn. 

 Tinea vulgaris Cuv. 

 Cyprinoid teeth (not determined) 

 Minute curved spines (unknown) 



11 



