the noticeably striated decurrent spines shown in our figures. The absence of spines on 

 the specimens from the Untermainthal may possibly be due to decay ; but such decay 

 only tends to make more conspicuous the striation on the cupule of Fagus decurrens. 

 As we have a perfect series of gradations between the form with narrow bracts 

 (fig. 28), and the form with wide bracts (fig. 19), and similar variations can be found 

 on the same tree in F. silvatica, we prefer not to give them varietal names. 



FAGUS? Sp. 

 PI. V, figs. 29 a, b. 



The minute cupule of Fagus shown in this figure is very puzzling. It is hard and 

 woody, and seems therefore to be nearly ripe. The cupule of Fagus silvatica is much 

 larger than this specimen, even when quite soft and before the ovule is fertilized. It 

 may be an abnormal development of F. decurrens, and as such we leave it until more 

 material is discovered. 



Length 3 mm., breadth 2.7 mm. Brunssum. 



QUERCUS ROBUR Linn. 



PI. V, fig. 30. 



A few cupules of Quercus robur occur at Reuver, a single specimen comes from 

 Brunssum, and one from Swalmen. Most of the Reuver specimens are abortive, but we 

 have half of a fully developed cupule and another which is almost fully developed. We 

 see no reason for separating these from Q. robur, with which they agree closely. 

 M. Laurent also finds this species among the leaves examined by him. 



ULMACEAE. 



ZELKOWA KEAKI Linn. 

 PI. XII, figs. 1-4. 



Several fruits belonging to this species have been found. They seem to correspond 

 in every respect with recent specimens received from Yokohama; but are somewhat 

 smaller ; our Yokohama fruits however are probably from a tree in cultivation. 



Fruiting perianth 24obed; lobes unequal produced into points, midribs and 

 lateral veins prominent; attachment usually quadrate. 



Length 2 mm., breadth 3.5 mm. Swalmen, Brunssum. 



MORACEAE. 



MORUS? 

 PI. VI, fig. 1. 

 A seed found at Reuver has great resemblance to the seed of Morus; but without 

 more and better material we do not like to include this genus in the Pliocene flora. 



79 



