CLEMATIS GRATA Wallich. 

 PL VII, figs. 23, 24. 



Achene ovate compressed margined narrowed and truncate above and below, 

 ventral margin curved, dorsal margin much curved, surface rugose with sharp irregular 

 longitudinal ridges. 



Length 4.1 mm., breadth 1.8 mm. Reuver, Swalmen. 



Achenes agreeing with those of C. Vitalba of Europe in size and shape, but 

 differing in the degree of rugosity. The fossils do not show the strong longitudinal 

 ribs which are so conspicuous in the European C. Vitalba; they show instead many 

 smaller longitudinal rugosities over the whole surface, and they seem to have been 

 glabrous or nearly so. These characters, in which they differ from the typical C. Vitalba, 

 bring them into agreement with Clematis grata of Wallich, a native of China and the 

 Himalaya. C. grata in Kew Herbarium is reduced to a variety of C. Vitalba. 



RANUNCULUS NEMOROSUS DC. 

 PI. VII, figs. 25-27. 

 Achene obovate flattened margined sharply keeled, coarsely pitted in middle, 

 less coarsely towards margin; style sub*lateral prominent. 



Length 2.8 mm., breadth 1.9 mm. Reuver, Swalmen. 



R. nemorosus is now living in southern and central Europe, and is also found 

 fossil in the Cromerian of England. The Reuverian fossils correspond closely with the 

 living plant (fig. 27) except that they have lost the herbaceous part of the style. 



RANUNCULUS BRUTIUS Tenore. 

 PI. VII, figs. 28, 29. 



Achene undulating, with broad flat terminal style wide margin and keel, ventral 

 margin slightly convex, dorsal margin suddenly curved inwards below, forming a right 

 angle with the ventral margin. 



Length, including remains of style, 3.25 mm., breadth 1.9 mm. Brunssum. 



Our fossil closely corresponds to the living B. brutius (fig. 29), with which it 

 agrees in the undulating surface of the achene and in its very wide flat and straight 

 beak. One or two of our recent achenes show attachment and curvature as in our fossil, 

 all the others tend to be stipitate. The species now lives in Italy, Greece, and Asia Minor. 



RANUNCULUS LATERIFLORUS DC. 

 PI. VII, figs. 30-33. 

 Achene elongate obovate, style terminal, attachment basal, laterally compressed 

 and margined; coarsely pitted in the middle, more finely towards the margin, irregu* 

 larly tuberculate. 



Length 2.1 mm., breadth 1.5 mm. Reuver, Swalmen. 



91 



